Replacing backticks with POSIX expression.

27 files changed, 164 insertions, 164 deletions

diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_chroot b/helpers/lh_binary_chroot
index c40afc9..f6615e1 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_chroot
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_chroot
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ ${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} mv chroot.tmp chroot/chroot
 
 if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 then
-	${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+	${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 fi
 
 # Creating stage file
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_debian-installer b/helpers/lh_binary_debian-installer
index 6ad8e7b..056d89d 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_debian-installer
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_debian-installer
@@ -232,20 +232,20 @@ if [ -d cache/packages_bootstrap ]
 then
 	for FILE in cache/packages_bootstrap/*.deb binary.deb/archives/*.deb
 	do
-		SOURCE="`dpkg -f ${FILE} Source | awk '{ print $1 }'`"
+		SOURCE="$(dpkg -f ${FILE} Source | awk '{ print $1 }')"
 
 		if [ -z "${SOURCE}" ]
 		then
-			SOURCE="`basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }'`"
+			SOURCE="$(basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }')"
 		fi
 
 		case "${SOURCE}" in
 			lib?*)
-				LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/'`"
+				LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/')"
 				;;
 
 			*)
-				LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/'`"
+				LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/')"
 				;;
 		esac
 
@@ -265,20 +265,20 @@ if ls ../config/binary_local-debs/*.deb > /dev/null 2>&1
 then
 	for FILE in ../config/binary_local-debs/*_"${LH_ARCHITECTURE}".deb ../config/binary_local-debs/*_all.deb
 	do
-		SOURCE="`dpkg -f ${FILE} Source | awk '{ print $1 }'`"
+		SOURCE="$(dpkg -f ${FILE} Source | awk '{ print $1 }')"
 
 		if [ -z "${SOURCE}" ]
 		then
-			SOURCE="`basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }'`"
+			SOURCE="$(basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }')"
 		fi
 
 		case "${SOURCE}" in
 			lib?*)
-				LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/'`"
+				LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/')"
 				;;
 
 			*)
-				LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/'`"
+				LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/')"
 				;;
 		esac
 
@@ -309,15 +309,15 @@ wget ${WGET_OPTIONS} "${LH_MIRROR_BOOTSTRAP}"/dists/"${LH_DISTRIBUTION}"/main/de
 gunzip -c Packages.gz > Packages
 
 # Sorting udebs
-UDEBS="`awk '/Filename: / { print $2 }' Packages`"
+UDEBS="$(awk '/Filename: / { print $2 }' Packages)"
 
 # Downloading udebs
 for UDEB in ${UDEBS}
 do
-	if [ -f ../cache/packages_debian-installer.udeb/"`basename ${UDEB}`" ]
+	if [ -f ../cache/packages_debian-installer.udeb/"$(basename ${UDEB})" ]
 	then
 		# Copying cached udebs
-		cp ../cache/packages_debian-installer.udeb/"`basename ${UDEB}`" ./
+		cp ../cache/packages_debian-installer.udeb/"$(basename ${UDEB})" ./
 	else
 		# Downloading udebs
 		wget ${WGET_OPTIONS} "${LH_MIRROR_BOOTSTRAP}"/${UDEB}
@@ -334,20 +334,20 @@ if ls ../config/binary_local-udebs/*.udeb > /dev/null 2>&1
 then
 	for FILE in ../config/binary_local-udebs/*_"${LH_ARCHITECTURE}".udeb ../config/binary_local-udebs/*_all.udeb
 	do
-		SOURCE="`dpkg -f ${FILE} Source | awk '{ print $1 }'`"
+		SOURCE="$(dpkg -f ${FILE} Source | awk '{ print $1 }')"
 
 		if [ -z "${SOURCE}" ]
 		then
-			SOURCE="`basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }'`"
+			SOURCE="$(basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }')"
 		fi
 
 		case "${SOURCE}" in
 			lib?*)
-				LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/'`"
+				LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/')"
 				;;
 
 			*)
-				LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/'`"
+				LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/')"
 				;;
 		esac
 
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ then
 		cp "${FILE}" pool/main/"${LETTER}"/"${SOURCE}"
 
 		# Prefere local udebs over downloaded udebs
-		rm -f "`basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }'`"_*.udeb
+		rm -f "$(basename ${FILE} | awk -F_ '{ print $1 }')"_*.udeb
 	done
 fi
 
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ then
 	cat ../config/binary_debian-installer/udeb_exclude >> exclude
 fi
 
-for EXCLUDE in `cat exclude`
+for EXCLUDE in $(cat exclude)
 do
 	rm -f "${EXCLUDE}"_*.udeb
 done
@@ -391,10 +391,10 @@ fi
 # Moving udebs
 for UDEB in ${UDEBS}
 do
-	if [ -f "`basename ${UDEB}`" ]
+	if [ -f "$(basename ${UDEB})" ]
 	then
-		mkdir -p `dirname ${UDEB}`
-		mv "`basename ${UDEB}`" "`dirname ${UDEB}`"
+		mkdir -p $(dirname ${UDEB})
+		mv "$(basename ${UDEB})" "$(dirname ${UDEB})"
 	fi
 done
 
@@ -417,10 +417,10 @@ apt-ftparchive \
 	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Suite="${LH_DISTRIBUTION}" \
 	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Version="4.0" \
 	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Codename="${LH_DISTRIBUTION}" \
-	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Date="`date -R`" \
+	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Date="$(date -R)" \
 	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Architectures="${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" \
 	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Components="main" \
-	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Description="Last updated: `date -R`" \
+	-o APT::FTPArchive::Release::Description="Last updated: $(date -R)" \
 release binary/dists/${LH_DISTRIBUTION} > binary/dists/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/Release
 
 # Creating dist symlinks
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_disk b/helpers/lh_binary_disk
index 99d3117..26905e6 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_disk
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_disk
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ Create_lockfile .lock
 
 mkdir -p binary/.disk
 
-ARCHITECTURE="`echo ${LH_ARCHITECTURE} | sed -e 's# #/#g'`"
-DISTRIBUTION="`echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 1 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'`"
-DISTRIBUTION="${DISTRIBUTION}`echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 2-`"
-eval VERSION="$`echo VERSION_${LH_DISTRIBUTION}`"
+ARCHITECTURE="$(echo ${LH_ARCHITECTURE} | sed -e 's# #/#g')"
+DISTRIBUTION="$(echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 1 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]')"
+DISTRIBUTION="${DISTRIBUTION}$(echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 2-)"
+eval VERSION="$$(echo VERSION_${LH_DISTRIBUTION})"
 
 if [ "${LH_DISTRIBUTION}" != "etch" ]
 then
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ case "${LH_MODE}" in
 
 				echo "full_cd" > binary/.disk/cd_type
 
-				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} CD Binary `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`" > binary/.disk/info
+				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} CD Binary $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)" > binary/.disk/info
 
 				cp "${LH_BASE}"/data/debian-cd/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/${LH_ARCHITECTURE}_udeb_include binary/.disk/udeb_include
 				;;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ case "${LH_MODE}" in
 
 				echo "not_complete" > binary/.disk/cd_type
 
-				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} NETINST Binary `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`" > binary/.disk/info
+				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} NETINST Binary $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)" > binary/.disk/info
 
 				cp "${LH_BASE}"/data/debian-cd/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/${LH_ARCHITECTURE}_netinst_udeb_include binary/.disk/udeb_include
 
@@ -101,20 +101,20 @@ case "${LH_MODE}" in
 
 				echo "not_complete" > binary/.disk/cd_type
 
-				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} BC Binary `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`" > binary/.disk/info
+				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} BC Binary $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)" > binary/.disk/info
 
 				cp "${LH_BASE}"/data/debian-cd/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/${LH_ARCHITECTURE}_businesscard_udeb_include binary/.disk/udeb_include
 				;;
 
 			disabled)
-				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} LIVE Binary `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`" > binary/.disk/info
+				echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} LIVE Binary $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)" > binary/.disk/info
 				;;
 		esac
 		;;
 
 	ubuntu)
 		# FIXME
-		echo "Ubuntu Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Unofficial ${ARCHITECTURE} LIVE/NETINST Binary `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`" > binary/.disk/info
+		echo "Ubuntu Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Unofficial ${ARCHITECTURE} LIVE/NETINST Binary $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)" > binary/.disk/info
 		# Ubuntu 7.04 "Feisty Fawn" - Release i386 (20070418)
 		;;
 esac
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_grub b/helpers/lh_binary_grub
index 26f6b8f..218fb06 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_grub
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_grub
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ then
 	LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} union=${LH_UNION_FILESYSTEM}"
 fi
 
-LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="`echo ${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} | sed -e 's/  //'`"
+LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="$(echo ${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} | sed -e 's/  //')"
 
 # Parameters are listed at: linux/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
 FAILSAFE="noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nosmp vga=normal"
@@ -185,22 +185,22 @@ FAILSAFE="noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nosmp vga=normal"
 # Assembling kernel configuration
 
 # Default entries
-DEFAULT_FLAVOUR="`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | awk '{ print $1 }'`"
-DEFAULT_KERNEL="`basename chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*${DEFAULT_FLAVOUR}`"
-DEFAULT_INITRD="initrd.img-`echo ${DEFAULT_KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//'`"
+DEFAULT_FLAVOUR="$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | awk '{ print $1 }')"
+DEFAULT_KERNEL="$(basename chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*${DEFAULT_FLAVOUR})"
+DEFAULT_INITRD="initrd.img-$(echo ${DEFAULT_KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//')"
 
-Grub_live_entry "live" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/${DEFAULT_INITRD}"
-Grub_live_entry "live (fail-safe mode)" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/${DEFAULT_INITRD}" "${FAILSAFE}"
+Grub_live_entry "live" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/${DEFAULT_INITRD}"
+Grub_live_entry "live (fail-safe mode)" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/${DEFAULT_INITRD}" "${FAILSAFE}"
 
 for KERNEL in chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*
 do
-	VERSION="`basename ${KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//'`"
+	VERSION="$(basename ${KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//')"
 
-	Grub_live_entry "live, kernel ${VERSION}" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/`basename ${KERNEL}`" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/initrd.img-${VERSION}"
-	Grub_live_entry "live, kernel ${VERSION} (fail-safe mode)" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/`basename ${KERNEL}`" "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/initrd.img-${VERSION}" "${FAILSAFE}"
+	Grub_live_entry "live, kernel ${VERSION}" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/$(basename ${KERNEL})" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/initrd.img-${VERSION}"
+	Grub_live_entry "live, kernel ${VERSION} (fail-safe mode)" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/$(basename ${KERNEL})" "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/initrd.img-${VERSION}" "${FAILSAFE}"
 done
 
-LINUX_LIVE="`/bin/echo ${LINUX_LIVE} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+LINUX_LIVE="$(/bin/echo ${LINUX_LIVE} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g')"
 
 # Assembling debian-installer configuration
 if [ "${LH_DEBIAN_INSTALLER}" != "disabled" ]
@@ -226,14 +226,14 @@ then
 	Grub_install_entry "autogui" "${VMLINUZ_GI}" "${INITRD_GI}" "auto=true priority=critical ${APPEND_GI}"
 fi
 
-LINUX_INSTALL="`/bin/echo ${LINUX_INSTALL} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+LINUX_INSTALL="$(/bin/echo ${LINUX_INSTALL} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g'("
 
 # Assembling memtest configuration
 if [ -f "${DESTDIR_LIVE}"/memtest ]
 then
 	MEMTEST="title\t\tOther:\nroot"
-	MEMTEST="${MEMTEST}\n\ntitle\t\t${LH_MEMTEST}\nkernel\t\t/`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`/memtest"
-	MEMTEST="`/bin/echo ${MEMTEST} | sed -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+	MEMTEST="${MEMTEST}\n\ntitle\t\t${LH_MEMTEST}\nkernel\t\t/$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})/memtest"
+	MEMTEST="$(/bin/echo ${MEMTEST} | sed -e 's#//#/#g')"
 fi
 
 # Copying templates
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ esac
 
 if [ "${LH_CHROOT_BUILD}" = "disabled" ]
 then
-	FILES="`echo ${FILES} | sed -e 's/chroot//g'`"
+	FILES="$(echo ${FILES} | sed -e 's/chroot//g')"
 fi
 
 # Copying grub
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ then
 	else
 		# Overwriting splash file
 		cp -f "${LH_GRUB_SPLASH}" binary/boot/grub
-		sed -i -e "s#splashimage.*#splashimage /boot/grub/`basename ${LH_GRUB_SPLASH}`#" binary/boot/grub/menu.lst
+		sed -i -e "s#splashimage.*#splashimage /boot/grub/$(basename ${LH_GRUB_SPLASH})#" binary/boot/grub/menu.lst
 	fi
 fi
 
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_includes b/helpers/lh_binary_includes
index 83f207e..e90716b 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_includes
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_includes
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ then
 	fi
 
 	# Adjusting install templates
-	ARCHITECTURE="`echo ${LH_ARCHITECTURE} | sed -e 's# #/#g'`"
-	DISTRIBUTION="`echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 1 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'`"
-	DISTRIBUTION="${DISTRIBUTION}`echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 2-`"
-	eval VERSION="$`echo VERSION_${LH_DISTRIBUTION}`"
+	ARCHITECTURE="$(echo ${LH_ARCHITECTURE} | sed -e 's# #/#g')"
+	DISTRIBUTION="$(echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 1 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]')"
+	DISTRIBUTION="${DISTRIBUTION}$(echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 2-)"
+	eval VERSION="$$(echo VERSION_${LH_DISTRIBUTION})"
 
 	if [ -d binary/pool/main/l/live-installer ]
 	then
@@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ then
 
 	TYPE="LIVE/NETINST"
 
-	DEBIAN_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} ${TYPE} Binary `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`"
-	DEBIAN_DATE="`date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`"
+	DEBIAN_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} ${TYPE} Binary $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)"
+	DEBIAN_DATE="$(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)"
 
 	if [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "i386" ]
 	then
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_net b/helpers/lh_binary_net
index 2fb6e2c..ac7464e 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_net
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_net
@@ -59,21 +59,21 @@ then
 fi
 
 # Creating image file
-if [ "`basename ${LH_NET_PATH}`" = "chroot" ]
+if [ "$(basename ${LH_NET_PATH})" = "chroot" ]
 then
 	mv chroot chroot.tmp
 fi
 
-mv binary "`basename ${LH_NET_PATH}`"
+mv binary "$(basename ${LH_NET_PATH})"
 
 cd ..
-tar cfz binary-net.tar.gz "`basename ${OLDPWD}`/`basename ${LH_NET_PATH}`" "`basename ${OLDPWD}`/tftpboot"
+tar cfz binary-net.tar.gz "$(basename ${OLDPWD})/$(basename ${LH_NET_PATH})" "$(basename ${OLDPWD})/tftpboot"
 mv binary-net.tar.gz "${OLDPWD}"
 cd "${OLDPWD}"
 
-mv "`basename ${LH_NET_PATH}`" binary
+mv "$(basename ${LH_NET_PATH})" binary
 
-if [ "`basename ${LH_NET_PATH}`" = "chroot" ]
+if [ "$(basename ${LH_NET_PATH})" = "chroot" ]
 then
 	mv chroot.tmp chroot
 fi
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_rootfs b/helpers/lh_binary_rootfs
index f800709..0fe9043 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_rootfs
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_rootfs
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ do
 
 		if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 		then
-			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` binary
+			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) binary
 		fi
 
 		# Creating stage file
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ case "${LH_CHROOT_FILESYSTEM}" in
 			rm -f binary/${INITFS}/filesystem.ext2
 		fi
 
-		DU_DIM="`du -ks chroot/chroot | cut -f1`"
-		REAL_DIM="`expr ${DU_DIM} + ${DU_DIM} / 20`" # Just 5% more to be sure, need something more sophistcated here...
+		DU_DIM="$(du -ks chroot/chroot | cut -f1)"
+		REAL_DIM="$(expr ${DU_DIM} + ${DU_DIM} / 20)" # Just 5% more to be sure, need something more sophistcated here...
 
 		case "${LH_CHROOT_BUILD}" in
 			enabled)
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ case "${LH_CHROOT_FILESYSTEM}" in
 
 		if [ "${LH_PACKAGES_LISTS}" = "minimal" ] || [ "${LH_PACKAGES_LISTS}" = "mini" ]
 		then
-			MKSQUASHFS_OPTIONS="${MKSQUASHFS_OPTIONS} -e `ls chroot/boot/${LINUX}* chroot/boot/initrd.img* chroot/${LINUX}* chroot/initrd.img* | sed 's,chroot/,,g'`"
+			MKSQUASHFS_OPTIONS="${MKSQUASHFS_OPTIONS} -e $(ls chroot/boot/${LINUX}* chroot/boot/initrd.img* chroot/${LINUX}* chroot/initrd.img* | sed 's,chroot/,,g')"
 		fi
 
 		if [ -f config/binary_rootfs/squashfs.sort ]
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ case "${LH_CHROOT_FILESYSTEM}" in
 
 		if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 		then
-			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` binary/${INITFS}
+			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) binary/${INITFS}
 		fi
 
 		# Saving cache
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ do
 
 		if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 		then
-			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` cache/stages_rootfs
+			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) cache/stages_rootfs
 		fi
 	fi
 done
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_syslinux b/helpers/lh_binary_syslinux
index 4d26626..b845237 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_syslinux
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_syslinux
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Syslinux_memtest_entry ()
 	KERNEL="${3}"
 
 	# syslinux << 3.36 lacks support to file/path
-	if [ "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`" = "binary" ]
+	if [ "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})" = "binary" ]
 	then
 		KERNEL="${DIRECTORY}/${KERNEL}"
 	fi
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Syslinux_memtest_entry ()
 	fi
 
 	MEMTEST="${MEMTEST}\tkernel /${KERNEL}\n"
-	MEMTEST="`/bin/echo ${MEMTEST} | sed -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+	MEMTEST="$(/bin/echo ${MEMTEST} | sed -e 's#//#/#g')"
 }
 
 Syslinux_live_entry ()
@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ Syslinux_live_entry ()
 	APPEND="${5}"
 
 	# syslinux << 3.36 lacks support to file/path
-	if [ "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" != "net" ] && [ "`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`" != "binary" ]
+	if [ "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" != "net" ] && [ "$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})" != "binary" ]
 	then
-		DIRECTORY="`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`"
+		DIRECTORY="$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})"
 		KERNEL="${DIRECTORY}/${KERNEL}"
 		INITRD="${DIRECTORY}/${INITRD}"
 	fi
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ Syslinux_install_entry ()
 	APPEND="${4}"
 
 	# syslinux << 3.36 lacks support to file/path
-	if [ "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" != "net" ] && [ "`basename ${DESTDIR_INSTALL}`" != "binary" ]
+	if [ "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" != "net" ] && [ "$(basename ${DESTDIR_INSTALL})" != "binary" ]
 	then
-		DIRECTORY="`basename ${DESTDIR_INSTALL}`"
+		DIRECTORY="$(basename ${DESTDIR_INSTALL})"
 		KERNEL="${DIRECTORY}/${KERNEL}"
 		INITRD="${DIRECTORY}/${INITRD}"
 	fi
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ then
 	fi
 fi
 
-LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="`echo ${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} | sed -e 's/  //'`"
+LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="$(echo ${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} | sed -e 's/  //')"
 
 # Parameters are listed at: linux/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
 FAILSAFE="noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nosmp vga=normal"
@@ -283,19 +283,19 @@ FAILSAFE="noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nosmp vga=normal"
 # Assembling kernel configuration
 
 # Default entries
-DEFAULT_FLAVOUR="`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | awk '{ print $1 }'`"
-DEFAULT_KERNEL="`basename chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*${DEFAULT_FLAVOUR}`"
-DEFAULT_INITRD="initrd.img-`echo ${DEFAULT_KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//'`"
+DEFAULT_FLAVOUR="$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | awk '{ print $1 }')"
+DEFAULT_KERNEL="$(basename chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*${DEFAULT_FLAVOUR})"
+DEFAULT_INITRD="initrd.img-$(echo ${DEFAULT_KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//')"
 
 Syslinux_live_entry "live" "${LH_SYSLINUX_MENU_LH_ENTRY}" "${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "${DEFAULT_INITRD}"
 Syslinux_live_entry "live-failsafe" "${LH_SYSLINUX_MENU_LIVE_FAILSAFE_ENTRY}" "${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "${DEFAULT_INITRD}" "${FAILSAFE}"
 
-if [ "`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w`" -gt "1" ]
+if [ "$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w)" -gt "1" ]
 then
 	for KERNEL in chroot/boot/vmlinuz-*
 	do
-		KERNEL_IMAGE="`basename ${KERNEL}`"
-		KERNEL_VERSION="`echo ${KERNEL_IMAGE} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//'`"
+		KERNEL_IMAGE="$(basename ${KERNEL})"
+		KERNEL_VERSION="$(echo ${KERNEL_IMAGE} | sed -e 's/vmlinuz-//')"
 		INITRD="initrd.img-${KERNEL_VERSION}"
 
 		Syslinux_live_entry "live-${KERNEL_VERSION}" "${LH_SYSLINUX_MENU_LIVE_ENTRY}" "${KERNEL_IMAGE}" "${INITRD}"
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ then
 	done
 fi
 
-LINUX_LIVE="`/bin/echo ${LINUX_LIVE} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+LINUX_LIVE="$(/bin/echo ${LINUX_LIVE} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g')"
 
 # Assembling debian-installer configuration
 if [ "${LH_DEBIAN_INSTALLER}" != "disabled" ]
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ then
 	Syslinux_install_entry "autogui" "${VMLINUZ_GI}" "${INITRD_GI}" "auto=true priority=critical ${APPEND_GI}"
 fi
 
-LINUX_INSTALL="`/bin/echo ${LINUX_INSTALL} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+LINUX_INSTALL="$(/bin/echo ${LINUX_INSTALL} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g')"
 
 # Assembling memtest configuration
 if [ -f "${DESTDIR_LIVE}"/memtest ]
@@ -368,21 +368,21 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 
 		for FILE in binary/isolinux/*.live
 		do
-			mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .live`
+			mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .live)
 		done
 
 		if [ "${LH_DEBIAN_INSTALLER}" != "disabled" ]
 		then
 			for FILE in binary/isolinux/*.install
 			do
-				mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .install`
+				mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .install)
 			done
 
 			if [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "amd64" ] || [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "i386" ] || [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "powerpc" ]
 			then
 				for FILE in binary/isolinux/*.install.g-i
 				do
-					mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .install.g-i`
+					mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .install.g-i)
 				done
 			else
 				rm -f binary/isolinux/*.install.g-i
@@ -408,11 +408,11 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		# Copying menu module
 		if [ "${LH_SYSLINUX_MENU}" != "disabled" ]
 		then
-			MENUPATH="`grep 'menu.c32' binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg | sed 's,DEFAULT\s*\(.*menu.c32\)$,\1,g'`"
-			MENUMODULE="`basename ${MENUPATH}`"
+			MENUPATH="$(grep 'menu.c32' binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg | sed 's,DEFAULT\s*\(.*menu.c32\)$,\1,g')"
+			MENUMODULE="$(basename ${MENUPATH})"
 
-			mkdir -p binary/isolinux/"`dirname ${MENUPATH}`"
-			cp chroot/usr/lib/syslinux/"${MENUMODULE}" binary/isolinux/"`dirname ${MENUPATH}`"
+			mkdir -p binary/isolinux/"$(dirname ${MENUPATH})"
+			cp chroot/usr/lib/syslinux/"${MENUMODULE}" binary/isolinux/"$(dirname ${MENUPATH})"
 		fi
 
 		# Copying splash screen
@@ -423,13 +423,13 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		else
 			if [ "${LH_SYSLINUX_MENU}" != "disabled" ]
 			then
-				SPLASHPATH="`grep -i 'MENU BACKGROUND' binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg | sed 's,MENU\sBACKGROUND\s*\(.*\)$,\1,g'`"
+				SPLASHPATH="$(grep -i 'MENU BACKGROUND' binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg | sed 's,MENU\sBACKGROUND\s*\(.*\)$,\1,g')"
 				if [ ! -e "${LH_SYSLINUX_SPLASH}" ]
 				then
 					Echo_error "${LH_SYSLINUX_SPLASH} doen't exist"
 					exit 1
 				fi
-				mkdir -p binary/isolinux/"`dirname ${SPLASHPATH}`"
+				mkdir -p binary/isolinux/"$(dirname ${SPLASHPATH})"
 				cp -f "${LH_SYSLINUX_SPLASH}" binary/isolinux/"${SPLASHPATH}"
 			else
 				cp -f "${LH_SYSLINUX_SPLASH}" binary/isolinux/splash.rle
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		sed -i -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL}#" -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE}#" binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
 		if [ -e binary/isolinux/f1.txt ]
 		then
-			sed -i -e "s/LH_DISTRIBUTION/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/" -e "s/LH_DATE/`date +%Y%m%d`/" -e "s/LH_MEDIA/CD-ROM/" binary/isolinux/f1.txt
+			sed -i -e "s/LH_DISTRIBUTION/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/" -e "s/LH_DATE/$(date +%Y%m%d)/" -e "s/LH_MEDIA/CD-ROM/" binary/isolinux/f1.txt
 		fi
 		sed -i -e "s/LH_MEDIA/CD-ROM/" binary/isolinux/f3.txt
 		if [ -e binary/isolinux/f10.txt ]
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		fi
 
 		# Working arround syslinux 8.3 limitation
-		if [ "`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w`" -gt "1" ]
+		if [ "$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w)" -gt "1" ]
 		then
 			NUMBER="0"
 
@@ -496,21 +496,21 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 
 		for FILE in tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/*.live
 		do
-			mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .live`
+			mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .live)
 		done
 
 		if [ "${LH_DEBIAN_INSTALLER}" != "disabled" ]
 		then
 			for FILE in tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/*.install
 			do
-				mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .install`
+				mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .install)
 			done
 
 			if [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "amd64" ] || [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "i386" ] || [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "powerpc" ]
 			then
 				for FILE in tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/*.install.g-i
 				do
-					mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .install.g-i`
+					mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .install.g-i)
 				done
 			else
 				rm -f tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/*.install.g-i
@@ -549,12 +549,12 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		# Configure syslinux templates
 		sed -i -e "s@LINUX_LIVE@${LINUX_LIVE}@" -e "s@LINUX_INSTALL@${LINUX_INSTALL}@" -e "s@MEMTEST@${MEMTEST}@" tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
 		sed -i -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL}#" -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE}#" -e "s/LH_NET_SERVER/${LH_NET_SERVER}/" -e "s#LH_NET_PATH#${LH_NET_PATH}#" tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
-		sed -i -e "s/LH_DISTRIBUTION/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/" -e "s/LH_DATE/`date +%Y%m%d`/" -e "s/LH_MEDIA/netboot/" tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/f1.txt
+		sed -i -e "s/LH_DISTRIBUTION/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/" -e "s/LH_DATE/$(date +%Y%m%d)/" -e "s/LH_MEDIA/netboot/" tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/f1.txt
 		sed -i -e "s/LH_MEDIA/netboot/" tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/f3.txt
 		sed -i -e "s/LH_VERSION/${VERSION}/" tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/f10.txt
 
 		# Working arround syslinux 8.3 limitation
-		if [ "`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w`" -eq "1" ]
+		if [ "$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w)" -eq "1" ]
 		then
 			mv "${DESTDIR_LIVE}"/vmlinuz-*-${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} "${DESTDIR_LIVE}"/vmlinuz
 			mv "${DESTDIR_LIVE}"/initrd.img-*-${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} "${DESTDIR_LIVE}"/initrd.img
@@ -594,21 +594,21 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 
 		for FILE in "${DESTDIR}"/*.live
 		do
-			mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .live`
+			mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .live)
 		done
 
 		if [ "${LH_DEBIAN_INSTALLER}" != "disabled" ]
 		then
 			for FILE in "${DESTDIR}"/*.install
 			do
-				mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .install`
+				mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .install)
 			done
 
 			if [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "amd64" ] || [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "i386" ] || [ "${LH_ARCHITECTURE}" = "powerpc" ]
 			then
 				for FILE in "${DESTDIR}"/*.install.g-i
 				do
-					mv ${FILE} `dirname ${FILE}`/`basename ${FILE} .install.g-i`
+					mv ${FILE} $(dirname ${FILE})/$(basename ${FILE} .install.g-i)
 				done
 			else
 				rm -f "${DESTDIR}"/*.install.g-i
@@ -643,12 +643,12 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		# Configure syslinux templates
 		sed -i -e "s@LINUX_LIVE@${LINUX_LIVE}@" -e "s@LINUX_INSTALL@${LINUX_INSTALL}@" -e "s@MEMTEST@${MEMTEST}@" "${DESTDIR}"/syslinux.cfg
 		sed -i -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL}#" -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE}#" "${DESTDIR}"/syslinux.cfg
-		sed -i -e "s/LH_DISTRIBUTION/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/" -e "s/LH_DATE/`date +%Y%m%d`/" -e "s/LH_MEDIA/hd-media/" "${DESTDIR}"/f1.txt #FIXME
+		sed -i -e "s/LH_DISTRIBUTION/${LH_DISTRIBUTION}/" -e "s/LH_DATE/$(date +%Y%m%d)/" -e "s/LH_MEDIA/hd-media/" "${DESTDIR}"/f1.txt #FIXME
 		sed -i -e "s/LH_MEDIA/hd-media/" "${DESTDIR}"/f3.txt #FIXME
 		sed -i -e "s/LH_VERSION/${VERSION}/" "${DESTDIR}"/f10.txt
 
 		# Workaround for syslinux (<< 3.36) which doesn't support long file/path names
-		if [ "`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w`" -gt "1" ]
+		if [ "$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w)" -gt "1" ]
 		then
 			NUMBER="0"
 
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_usb-hdd b/helpers/lh_binary_usb-hdd
index 09c38f7..ac5d5a5 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_usb-hdd
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_usb-hdd
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ then
 fi
 
 # Everything which comes here needs to be cleaned up,
-DU_DIM="`du -ms binary | cut -f1`"
-REAL_DIM="`expr ${DU_DIM} + ${DU_DIM} / 50`" # Just 2% more to be sure, need something more sophistcated here...
+DU_DIM="$(du -ms binary | cut -f1)"
+REAL_DIM="$(expr ${DU_DIM} + ${DU_DIM} / 50)" # Just 2% more to be sure, need something more sophistcated here...
 dd if=/dev/zero of=chroot/binary.img bs=1024k count=${REAL_DIM}
-FREELO="`${LH_LOSETUP} -f`"
+FREELO="$(${LH_LOSETUP} -f)"
 if [ ! -b chroot/${FREELO} ]
 then
 	MAKEDEV="true"
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ esac
 
 ${LH_LOSETUP} -d ${FREELO}
 
-FREELO="`${LH_LOSETUP} -f`"
+FREELO="$(${LH_LOSETUP} -f)"
 lh_losetup $FREELO chroot/binary.img 1
 
 case "${LH_CHROOT_BUILD}" in
@@ -153,8 +153,8 @@ find /live/vmlinuz
 EOM
 EOF
 
-	rootpartition="`Chroot 'sh grub.sh' 2>/dev/null | grep -A 1 'find /live/vmlinuz' | grep -v 'find /live/vmlinuz'`"
-	usbdev="`echo $rootpartition | sed -e 's/,[[:digit:]]//'`"
+	rootpartition="$(Chroot 'sh grub.sh' 2>/dev/null | grep -A 1 'find /live/vmlinuz' | grep -v 'find /live/vmlinuz')"
+	usbdev="$(echo $rootpartition | sed -e 's/,[[:digit:]]//')"
 	echo "Root partition is $rootpartition, device is: $usbdev"
 
 	echo "WAITING..." && read
diff --git a/helpers/lh_binary_yaboot b/helpers/lh_binary_yaboot
index c404c31..e3f8df3 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_binary_yaboot
+++ b/helpers/lh_binary_yaboot
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ Yaboot_live_entry ()
 	INITRD="${3}"
 	APPEND="${4}"
 
-	DIRECTORY="/`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`"
+	DIRECTORY="/$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})"
 
 	LINUX_LIVE="${LINUX_LIVE}\nimage=${DIRECTORY}/${KERNEL}\n"
 	LINUX_LIVE="${LINUX_LIVE}\tlabel=${LABEL}\n"
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Yaboot_install_entry ()
 	INITRD="${3}"
 	APPEND="${4}"
 
-	DIRECTORY="/`basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE}`"
+	DIRECTORY="/$(basename ${DESTDIR_LIVE})"
 
 	if [ "${LH_DISTRIBUTION}" != "etch" ] && [ "${LABEL}" != "rescue" ] && [ "${LABEL}" != "rescuegui" ]
 	then
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ then
 	LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} union=${LH_UNION_FILESYSTEM}"
 fi
 
-LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="`echo ${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} | sed -e 's/  //'`"
+LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE="$(echo ${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE} | sed -e 's/  //')"
 
 # Parameters are listed at: linux/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
 FAILSAFE="noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nosmp vga=ofonly"
@@ -193,19 +193,19 @@ FAILSAFE="noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nosmp vga=ofonly"
 # Assembling kernel configuration
 
 # Default entries
-DEFAULT_FLAVOUR="`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | awk '{ print $1 }'`"
-DEFAULT_KERNEL="`basename chroot/boot/vmlinux-*${DEFAULT_FLAVOUR}`"
-DEFAULT_INITRD="initrd.img-`echo ${DEFAULT_KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinux-//'`"
+DEFAULT_FLAVOUR="$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | awk '{ print $1 }')"
+DEFAULT_KERNEL="$(basename chroot/boot/vmlinux-*${DEFAULT_FLAVOUR})"
+DEFAULT_INITRD="initrd.img-$(echo ${DEFAULT_KERNEL} | sed -e 's/vmlinux-//')"
 
 Yaboot_live_entry "live" "${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "${DEFAULT_INITRD}"
 Yaboot_live_entry "live-failsafe" "${DEFAULT_KERNEL}" "${DEFAULT_INITRD}" "${FAILSAFE}"
 
-if [ "`echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w`" -gt "1" ]
+if [ "$(echo ${LH_LINUX_FLAVOURS} | wc -w)" -gt "1" ]
 then
 	for KERNEL in chroot/boot/vmlinux-*
 	do
-		KERNEL_IMAGE="`basename ${KERNEL}`"
-		KERNEL_VERSION="`echo ${KERNEL_IMAGE} | sed -e 's/vmlinux-//'`"
+		KERNEL_IMAGE="$(basename ${KERNEL})"
+		KERNEL_VERSION="$(echo ${KERNEL_IMAGE} | sed -e 's/vmlinux-//')"
 		INITRD="initrd.img-${KERNEL_VERSION}"
 
 		Yaboot_live_entry "live-${KERNEL_VERSION}" "${KERNEL_IMAGE}" "${INITRD}"
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ then
 	done
 fi
 
-LINUX_LIVE="`/bin/echo ${LINUX_LIVE} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+LINUX_LIVE="$(/bin/echo ${LINUX_LIVE} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g')"
 
 # Assembling debian-installer configuration
 if [ "${LH_DEBIAN_INSTALLER}" != "disabled" ]
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ then
 	Yaboot_install_entry "autogui" "${VMLINUZ_GI}" "${INITRD_GI}" "auto=true priority=critical ${APPEND_GI}"
 fi
 
-LINUX_INSTALL="`/bin/echo ${LINUX_INSTALL} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g'`"
+LINUX_INSTALL="$(/bin/echo ${LINUX_INSTALL} | sed -e 's/binary//g' -e 's#//#/#g')"
 
 case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 	iso|usb-hdd)
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		# Configure yaboot templates
 		sed -i -e "s#LINUX_LIVE#${LINUX_LIVE}#" -e "s#LINUX_INSTALL#${LINUX_INSTALL}#" binary/yaboot/yaboot.conf
 		sed -i -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_INSTALL}#" -e "s#LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE#${LH_BOOTAPPEND_LIVE}#" binary/yaboot/yaboot.conf
-		sed -i -e "s/LH_DATE/`date +%Y%m%d`/" -e "s/LH_VERSION/${VERSION}/" binary/yaboot/boot.msg
+		sed -i -e "s/LH_DATE/$(date +%Y%m%d)/" -e "s/LH_VERSION/${VERSION}/" binary/yaboot/boot.msg
 		;;
 esac
 
diff --git a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cache b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cache
index b253b5d..66f57c2 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cache
+++ b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cache
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ do
 
 					if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 					then
-						${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+						${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 					fi
 
 					# Creating stage file
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ do
 
 				if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 				then
-					${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` cache/stages_bootstrap
+					${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) cache/stages_bootstrap
 				fi
 
 				# Creating stage file
diff --git a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cdebootstrap b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cdebootstrap
index dcc350d..225b24d 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cdebootstrap
+++ b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_cdebootstrap
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ then
 
 		if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 		then
-			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 		fi
 
 		# Removing old cache
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ then
 
 	if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 	then
-		${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+		${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 	fi
 
 	# Remove cdebootstrap-helper-diverts (needed at least for minimal flavours)
diff --git a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_copy b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_copy
index d84916c..1f48c7f 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_copy
+++ b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_copy
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Check_lockfile .lock
 Create_lockfile .lock
 
 # Copying host system
-find / ! -name /proc ! -name /sys ! -name "`dirname ${PWD}`"  | xargs cp -a chroot
+find / ! -name /proc ! -name /sys ! -name "$(dirname ${PWD})"  | xargs cp -a chroot
 
 # Creating stage file
 Create_stagefile .stage/bootstrap
diff --git a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_debootstrap b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_debootstrap
index 7661025..99df978 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_bootstrap_debootstrap
+++ b/helpers/lh_bootstrap_debootstrap
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ then
 
 		if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 		then
-			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+			${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 		fi
 
 		# Removing old cache
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ then
 
 	if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 	then
-		${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+		${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 	fi
 
 	# Removing bootstrap cache
diff --git a/helpers/lh_chroot_cache b/helpers/lh_chroot_cache
index 4ec2d13..782043d 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_chroot_cache
+++ b/helpers/lh_chroot_cache
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ do
 
 					if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 					then
-						${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+						${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 					fi
 
 					# Creating stage file
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ do
 
 				if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 				then
-					${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R `whoami`:`whoami` cache/stages_chroot
+					${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) cache/stages_chroot
 				fi
 
 				# Creating stage file
diff --git a/helpers/lh_chroot_hacks b/helpers/lh_chroot_hacks
index 2b571a5..da2be17 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_chroot_hacks
+++ b/helpers/lh_chroot_hacks
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ case "${LH_BINARY_IMAGES}" in
 		then
 			mkdir chroot/etc/initramfs-tools
 		fi
-		if [ ! "`grep 'MODULES=netboot' chroot/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf`" ]
+		if [ ! "$(grep 'MODULES=netboot' chroot/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf)" ]
 		then
 			# Configuring initramfs for NFS
 cat >> chroot/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf << EOF
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ rm -f chroot/var/lib/dpkg/*-old
 
 if [ -n "${LH_ROOT_COMMAND}" ]
 then
-	${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R --quiet `whoami`:`whoami` chroot
+	${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} chown -R --quiet $(whoami):$(whoami) chroot
 fi
 
 if [ -d chroot/home/${LH_USERNAME} ]
diff --git a/helpers/lh_chroot_local-hooks b/helpers/lh_chroot_local-hooks
index 6197b48..d0f487b 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_chroot_local-hooks
+++ b/helpers/lh_chroot_local-hooks
@@ -56,16 +56,16 @@ then
 		cp "${HOOK}" chroot/root
 
 		# Making hook executable
-		if [ ! -x chroot/root/"`basename ${HOOK}`" ]
+		if [ ! -x chroot/root/"$(basename ${HOOK})" ]
 		then
-			chmod +x chroot/root/"`basename ${HOOK}`"
+			chmod +x chroot/root/"$(basename ${HOOK})"
 		fi
 
 		# Executing hook
-		Chroot "/root/`basename ${HOOK}`"
+		Chroot "/root/$(basename ${HOOK})"
 
 		# Removing hook
-		rm -f chroot/root/"`basename ${HOOK}`"
+		rm -f chroot/root/"$(basename ${HOOK})"
 	done
 
 	# Creating stage file
diff --git a/helpers/lh_chroot_local-packageslists b/helpers/lh_chroot_local-packageslists
index bd615e3..2c03f3c 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_chroot_local-packageslists
+++ b/helpers/lh_chroot_local-packageslists
@@ -55,21 +55,21 @@ then
 	for PACKAGESLIST in config/chroot_local-packageslists/*
 	do
 		# Generate package list
-		Expand_packagelist "`basename ${PACKAGESLIST}`" "config/chroot_local-packageslists" "${LH_BASE:-/usr/share/live-helper/lists}/lists" > chroot/root/"`basename ${PACKAGESLIST}`"
+		Expand_packagelist "$(basename ${PACKAGESLIST})" "config/chroot_local-packageslists" "${LH_BASE:-/usr/share/live-helper/lists}/lists" > chroot/root/"$(basename ${PACKAGESLIST})"
 
 		# Installing package list
 		case "${LH_APT}" in
 			apt|apt-get)
-				Chroot "xargs --arg-file=/root/`basename ${PACKAGESLIST}` apt-get install --yes"
+				Chroot "xargs --arg-file=/root/$(basename ${PACKAGESLIST}) apt-get install --yes"
 				;;
 
 			aptitude)
-				Chroot "xargs --arg-file=/root/`basename ${PACKAGESLIST}` aptitude install --assume-yes"
+				Chroot "xargs --arg-file=/root/$(basename ${PACKAGESLIST}) aptitude install --assume-yes"
 				;;
 		esac
 
 		# Removing package list
-		rm -f chroot/root/"`basename ${PACKAGESLIST}`"
+		rm -f chroot/root/"$(basename ${PACKAGESLIST})"
 	done
 
 	# Saving cache
diff --git a/helpers/lh_chroot_sources b/helpers/lh_chroot_sources
index 307aeba..61e0b66 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_chroot_sources
+++ b/helpers/lh_chroot_sources
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ case "${1}" in
 				for FILE in config/chroot_sources/*.bootstrap.gpg
 				do
 					cp ${FILE} chroot/root
-					Chroot "apt-key add /root/`basename ${FILE}`"
-					rm -f chroot/root/`basename ${FILE}`
+					Chroot "apt-key add /root/$(basename ${FILE})"
+					rm -f chroot/root/$(basename ${FILE})
 				done
 			fi
 
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ case "${1}" in
 				for PACKAGE in config/chroot_sources/*.deb
 				do
 					cp ${PACKAGE} chroot/root
-					Chroot "dpkg -i `basename ${PACKAGE}`"
-					rm -f chroot/root/`basename ${PACKAGE}`
+					Chroot "dpkg -i $(basename ${PACKAGE})"
+					rm -f chroot/root/$(basename ${PACKAGE})
 				done
 			fi
 
@@ -279,8 +279,8 @@ case "${1}" in
 				for FILE in config/chroot_sources/*.binary.gpg
 				do
 					cp ${FILE} chroot/root
-					Chroot "apt-key add /root/`basename ${FILE}`"
-					rm -f chroot/root/`basename ${FILE}`
+					Chroot "apt-key add /root/$(basename ${FILE})"
+					rm -f chroot/root/$(basename ${FILE})
 				done
 			fi
 
diff --git a/helpers/lh_chroot_sysvinit b/helpers/lh_chroot_sysvinit
index b4927b6..2ddbb1f 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_chroot_sysvinit
+++ b/helpers/lh_chroot_sysvinit
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ then
 	# Disable all
 	for FILE in chroot/etc/init.d/*
 	do
-		Chroot "update-rc.d -f `basename ${FILE}` remove"
+		Chroot "update-rc.d -f $(basename ${FILE}) remove"
 	done
 
 	# Re-enable all required (taken from -f standard chroot)
diff --git a/helpers/lh_config b/helpers/lh_config
index 78604ea..a69bf3b 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_config
+++ b/helpers/lh_config
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ USAGE="${PROGRAM} [--apt apt|aptitude]\n\
 
 Local_arguments ()
 {
-	ARGUMENTS="`getopt --longoptions apt:,apt-ftp-proxy:,apt-http-proxy:,apt-pdiffs:,apt-pipeline:,apt-recommends:,apt-secure:,bootstrap:,cache:,cache-indices:,cache-packages:,cache-stages:,debconf-frontend:,debconf-nowarnings:,debconf-priority:,genisoimage:,initramfs:,losetup:,mode:,root-command:,tasksel:,includes:,templates:,architecture:,bootstrap-config:,bootstrap-flavour:,bootstrap-keyring:,distribution:,mirror-bootstrap:,mirror-bootstrap-security:,mirror-binary:,mirror-binary-security:,sections:,chroot-filesystem:,union-filesystem:,hooks:,interactive:,keyring-packages:,language:,linux-flavours:,linux-packages:,packages:,packages-lists:,tasks:,security:,symlinks:,sysvinit:,binary-images:,binary-indices:,bootappend-install:,bootappend-live:,bootloader:,chroot-build:,debian-installer:,debian-installer-daily:,encryption:,grub-splash:,hostname:,iso-application:,iso-preparer:,iso-publisher:,iso-volume:,iso-memtest:,net-filesystem:,net-mountoptions:,net-path:,net-server:,syslinux-splash:,syslinux-timeout:,username:,source:,source-images:,breakpoints,conffile:,debug,force,help,quiet,usage,verbose,version --name=${PROGRAM} --options a:f:d:m:l:k:p:b:e:s:c:huv --shell sh -- "${@}"`"
+	ARGUMENTS="$(getopt --longoptions apt:,apt-ftp-proxy:,apt-http-proxy:,apt-pdiffs:,apt-pipeline:,apt-recommends:,apt-secure:,bootstrap:,cache:,cache-indices:,cache-packages:,cache-stages:,debconf-frontend:,debconf-nowarnings:,debconf-priority:,genisoimage:,initramfs:,losetup:,mode:,root-command:,tasksel:,includes:,templates:,architecture:,bootstrap-config:,bootstrap-flavour:,bootstrap-keyring:,distribution:,mirror-bootstrap:,mirror-bootstrap-security:,mirror-binary:,mirror-binary-security:,sections:,chroot-filesystem:,union-filesystem:,hooks:,interactive:,keyring-packages:,language:,linux-flavours:,linux-packages:,packages:,packages-lists:,tasks:,security:,symlinks:,sysvinit:,binary-images:,binary-indices:,bootappend-install:,bootappend-live:,bootloader:,chroot-build:,debian-installer:,debian-installer-daily:,encryption:,grub-splash:,hostname:,iso-application:,iso-preparer:,iso-publisher:,iso-volume:,iso-memtest:,net-filesystem:,net-mountoptions:,net-path:,net-server:,syslinux-splash:,syslinux-timeout:,username:,source:,source-images:,breakpoints,conffile:,debug,force,help,quiet,usage,verbose,version --name=${PROGRAM} --options a:f:d:m:l:k:p:b:e:s:c:huv --shell sh -- "${@}")"
 
 	if [ "${?}" != "0" ]
 	then
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@ EOF
 if [ "${CONFIG}" = "clone" ] # FIXME
 then
 	# Read package selection
-	echo `dpkg --get-selections | awk '{ print $1 }'` > config/chroot_local-packageslists/local-system
+	echo $(dpkg --get-selections | awk '{ print $1 }') > config/chroot_local-packageslists/local-system
 
 	# Read debconf questions
 	if [ ! -f /usr/bin/debconf-get-selections ]
diff --git a/helpers/lh_losetup b/helpers/lh_losetup
index 662b4ad..2ea7f9e 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_losetup
+++ b/helpers/lh_losetup
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ FILE="${2}"
 PARTITION="${3:=1}"
 
 ${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} ${LH_LOSETUP} "${DEVICE}" "${FILE}"
-FDISK_OUT="`fdisk -l -u ${DEVICE} 2>&1`"
+FDISK_OUT="$(fdisk -l -u ${DEVICE} 2>&1)"
 ${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} ${LH_LOSETUP} -d "${DEVICE}"
 
-LOOPDEVICE="`echo ${DEVICE}p${PARTITION}`"
+LOOPDEVICE="$(echo ${DEVICE}p${PARTITION})"
 
 if [ "${PARTITION}" = "0" ]
 then
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ then
 
 	${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} ${LH_LOSETUP} "${DEVICE}" "${FILE}"
 else
-	CYLINDERS="`echo "$FDISK_OUT" | sed -ne "s_^$LOOPDEVICE[ *]*\([0-9]*\).*_\1_p"`"
-	OFFSET="`expr ${CYLINDERS} '*' 512`"
+	CYLINDERS="$(echo "$FDISK_OUT" | sed -ne "s_^$LOOPDEVICE[ *]*\([0-9]*\).*_\1_p")"
+	OFFSET="$(expr ${CYLINDERS} '*' 512)"
 
 	Echo_message "Mounting ${DEVICE} with offset ${OFFSET}"
 
diff --git a/helpers/lh_source_debian b/helpers/lh_source_debian
index 8e60000..8811fa6 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_source_debian
+++ b/helpers/lh_source_debian
@@ -98,15 +98,15 @@ rm -f chroot/root/dpkg-selection.txt
 # Sort sources
 for DSC in chroot/*.dsc
 do
-	SOURCE="`sed  -n 's/^Source: //p' ${DSC}`"
+	SOURCE="$(sed  -n 's/^Source: //p' ${DSC})"
 
 	case "${SOURCE}" in
 		lib?*)
-			LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/'`"
+			LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(....\).*/\1/')"
 			;;
 
 		*)
-			LETTER="`echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/'`"
+			LETTER="$(echo ${SOURCE} | sed 's/\(.\).*/\1/')"
 			;;
 	esac
 
diff --git a/helpers/lh_source_debian-live b/helpers/lh_source_debian-live
index d92fe3a..acecb6d 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_source_debian-live
+++ b/helpers/lh_source_debian-live
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ cp -a config source/debian-live
 
 # Create tarball
 cd source
-tar cfz debian-live-config_`date +%Y%m%d.%s`.tar.gz debian-live
+tar cfz debian-live-config_$(date +%Y%m%d.%s).tar.gz debian-live
 cd "${OLDPWD}"
 
 rm -rf source/debian-live/config
diff --git a/helpers/lh_source_disk b/helpers/lh_source_disk
index e387749..3b7a95a 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_source_disk
+++ b/helpers/lh_source_disk
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ Create_lockfile .lock
 
 mkdir -p source/.disk
 
-ARCHITECTURE="`echo ${LH_ARCHITECTURE} | sed -e 's# #/#g'`"
-DISTRIBUTION="`echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 1 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'`"
-DISTRIBUTION="${DISTRIBUTION}`echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 2-`"
-eval VERSION="$`echo VERSION_${LH_DISTRIBUTION}`"
+ARCHITECTURE="$(echo ${LH_ARCHITECTURE} | sed -e 's# #/#g')"
+DISTRIBUTION="$(echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 1 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]')"
+DISTRIBUTION="${DISTRIBUTION}$(echo ${LH_DISTRIBUTION} | cut -b 2-)"
+eval VERSION="$$(echo VERSION_${LH_DISTRIBUTION})"
 
 case "${LH_MODE}" in
 	debian)
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ case "${LH_MODE}" in
 			TYPE="LIVE"
 		fi
 
-		echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} ${TYPE} Source `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`" > source/.disk/info
+		echo "Debian GNU/Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Official ${ARCHITECTURE} ${TYPE} Source $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)" > source/.disk/info
 		;;
 
 	ubuntu)
-		echo "Ubuntu Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Unofficial ${ARCHITECTURE} LIVE/NETINST Source `date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M`" > source/.disk/info
+		echo "Ubuntu Linux ${VERSION} \"${DISTRIBUTION}\" - Unofficial ${ARCHITECTURE} LIVE/NETINST Source $(date +%Y%m%d-%H:%M)" > source/.disk/info
 		;;
 esac
 
diff --git a/helpers/lh_source_usb-hdd b/helpers/lh_source_usb-hdd
index ff78393..dfbf022 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_source_usb-hdd
+++ b/helpers/lh_source_usb-hdd
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ then
 fi
 
 # Everything which comes here needs to be cleaned up,
-DU_DIM="`du -ms source | cut -f1`"
-REAL_DIM="`expr ${DU_DIM} + ${DU_DIM} / 50`" # Just 2% more to be sure, need something more sophistcated here...
+DU_DIM="$(du -ms source | cut -f1)"
+REAL_DIM="$(expr ${DU_DIM} + ${DU_DIM} / 50)" # Just 2% more to be sure, need something more sophistcated here...
 dd if=/dev/zero of=source.img bs=1024k count=${REAL_DIM}
-FREELO="`${LH_LOSETUP} -f`"
+FREELO="$(${LH_LOSETUP} -f)"
 if [ ! -b chroot/${FREELO} ]
 then
 	MAKEDEV="true"
diff --git a/helpers/lh_testroot b/helpers/lh_testroot
index f213f86..3278007 100755
--- a/helpers/lh_testroot
+++ b/helpers/lh_testroot
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Read_conffile "${LH_CONFIG}"
 Set_defaults
 
 # Checking user account
-if [ "`${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} id -u`" -ne "0" ]
+if [ "$(${LH_ROOT_COMMAND} id -u)" -ne "0" ]
 then
 	Echo_error "need root privileges"
 	exit 1