Adding live-helper 1.0~a1-1.

author: Daniel Baumann <daniel@debian.org> 2007-09-23 10:04:46 +0200
committer: Daniel Baumann <daniel@debian.org> 2011-03-09 18:14:51 +0100
commit: fe6eb1c593e2df135c8807bf94df614984b4d6ec (patch)
tree: 693b803dcc6473a8699f0c605c92b10c24755e28 /templates/common/doc/FAQ/html/ch-uptodate.en.html
parent: 470cf1764bf56b32addff591cfe3fd69af0e5760 (diff)
download: live-build-fe6eb1c593e2df135c8807bf94df614984b4d6ec.zip
live-build-fe6eb1c593e2df135c8807bf94df614984b4d6ec.tar.gz
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-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
-
-<html>
-
-<head>
-
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-
-<title>The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ - Keeping your Debian system up-to-date</title>
-
-</head>
-
-<body>
-
-<p><a name="ch-uptodate"></a></p>
-<hr>
-
-<p>
-[ <a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html">previous</a> ]
-[ <a href="index.en.html#contents">Contents</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-basic_defs.en.html">1</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-getting.en.html">2</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-compat.en.html">3</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-software.en.html">4</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-ftparchives.en.html">5</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html">6</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html">7</a> ]
-[ 8 ]
-[ <a href="ch-kernel.en.html">9</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-customizing.en.html">10</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-support.en.html">11</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-contributing.en.html">12</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-redistrib.en.html">13</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-nexttime.en.html">14</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-faqinfo.en.html">15</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-kernel.en.html">next</a> ]
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h1>
-The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ
-<br>Chapter 8 - Keeping your Debian system up-to-date
-</h1>
-
-<hr>
-
-<p>
-A Debian goal is to provide a consistent upgrade path and a secure upgrade
-process.  We always do our best to make upgrading to new releases a smooth
-procedure.  In case there's some important note to add to the upgrade process,
-the packages will alert the user, and often provide a solution to a possible
-problem.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-You should also read the Release Notes document that describes the details of
-specific upgrades.  It is shipped on all Debian CDs and available on the WWW at
-<code><a
-href="http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/releasenotes</a></code>.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h2><a name="s-libc5to6upgrade"></a>8.1 How can I upgrade my Debian 1.3.1 (or earlier) distribution, based on libc5, to 2.0 (or later), based on libc6?</h2>
-
-<p>
-There are several ways to upgrade:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>
-Using a simple shell script called <samp>autoup.sh</samp> which upgrades the
-most important packages.  After <samp>autoup.sh</samp> has done his job, you
-may use dselect to install the remaining packages <em>en masse</em>.  This is
-probably the recommended method, but not the only one.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Currently, the latest release of <samp>autoup.sh</samp> may be found on the
-following locations:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>
-<code><a
-href="http://www.debian.org/releases/2.0/autoup/">http://www.debian.org/releases/2.0/autoup/</a></code>
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>
-<code><a
-href="http://www.taz.net.au/autoup/">http://www.taz.net.au/autoup/</a></code>
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>
-<code><a
-href="http://debian.vicnet.net.au/autoup/">http://debian.vicnet.net.au/autoup/</a></code>
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>
-Following closely the <code><a
-href="http://debian.vicnet.net.au/autoup/HOWTO/libc5-libc6-Mini-HOWTO.html">Debian
-libc5 to libc6 Mini-HOWTO</a></code> and upgrade the most important packages by
-hand.  <samp>autoup.sh</samp> is based on this Mini-HOWTO, so this method
-should work more or less like using <samp>autoup.sh</samp>.
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>
-Using a libc5-based <samp>apt</samp>.  APT stands for Advanced Package Tool,
-and it might replace dselect some day.  Currently, it works just as a
-command-line interface, or as a dselect access method.  You will find a libc5
-version in the <samp>dists/slink/main/upgrade-older-i386</samp> directory at
-the Debian archives.
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<ul>
-<li>
-<p>
-Using just dselect, without upgrading any package by hand first.  It is highly
-recommended that you do NOT use this method if you can avoid it, because
-dselect alone currently does not install packages in the optimal order.  APT
-works much better and it is safer.
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h2><a name="s-howtocurrent"></a>8.2 How can I keep my Debian system current?</h2>
-
-<p>
-One could simply execute an anonymous ftp call to a Debian archive, then peruse
-the directories until one finds the desired file, and then fetch it, and
-finally install it using <samp>dpkg</samp>.  Note that <samp>dpkg</samp> will
-install upgrade files in place, even on a running system.  Sometimes, a revised
-package will require the installation of a newly revised version of another
-package, in which case the installation will fail until/unless the other
-package is installed.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Many people find this approach much too time-consuming, since Debian evolves so
-quickly -- typically, a dozen or more new packages are uploaded every week.
-This number is larger just before a new major release.  To deal with this
-avalanche, many people prefer to use a more automated method.  Several
-different packages are available for this purpose:
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h3><a name="s-aptitude-upgrade"></a>8.2.1 aptitude</h3>
-
-<p>
-APT is an advanced interface to the Debian packaging system.  It features
-complete installation ordering, multiple source capability and several other
-unique features, see the User's Guide in
-<samp>/usr/share/doc/apt-doc/guide.html/index.html</samp> (you will have to
-install the <samp>apt-doc</samp> package).
-</p>
-
-<p>
-<code>aptitude</code> is the recommended package manager for Debian GNU/Linux
-systems.  It is a text-based interface to APT using the curses library, and can
-be used to perform management tasks in a fast and easy way.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Before you can use <code>aptitude</code>, you'll have to edit the
-<samp>/etc/apt/sources.list</samp> file to set it up.  If you wish to upgrade
-to the latest stable version of Debian, you'll probably want to use a source
-like this one:
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-You can replace http.us.debian.org with the name of a faster Debian mirror near
-you.  See the mirror list at <code><a
-href="http://www.debian.org/misc/README.mirrors">http://www.debian.org/misc/README.mirrors</a></code>
-for more information.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-More details on this can be found in the <code>sources.list(8)</code> manual
-page.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-To update your system, run
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     aptitude update
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-followed by
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     aptitude dist-upgrade
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-Answer any questions that might come up, and your system will be upgraded.  See
-also <a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-aptitude">aptitude, Section 7.1.3</a>.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h3><a name="s-apt"></a>8.2.2 apt-get, dselect and apt-cdrom</h3>
-
-<p>
-<code>apt-get</code> is an APT-based command-line tool for handling packages,
-and the APT dselect method is an interface to APT through <code>dselect</code>.
-Both of these provide a simple, safe way to install and upgrade packages.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-To use <code>apt-get</code>, install the <code>apt</code> package, and edit the
-<samp>/etc/apt/sources.list</samp> file to set it up, just as for <a
-href="#s-aptitude-upgrade">aptitude, Section 8.2.1</a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Then run
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     apt-get update
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-followed by
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     apt-get dist-upgrade
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-Answer any questions that might come up, and your system will be upgraded.  See
-also the <code>apt-get(8)</code> manual page, as well as <a
-href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-apt-get">APT, Section 7.1.2</a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-To use APT with <code>dselect</code>, choose the APT access method in dselect's
-method selection screen (option 0) and then specify the sources that should be
-used.  The configuration file is <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>.  See also
-<a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-dselect">dselect, Section 7.1.4</a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-If you want to use CDs to install packages, you can use <code>apt-cdrom</code>.
-For details, please see the Release Notes, section &quot;Setting up for an
-upgrade from a local mirror&quot;.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Please note that when you get and install the packages, you'll still have them
-kept in your /var directory hierarchy.  To keep your partition from
-overflowing, remember to delete extra files using <samp>apt-get clean</samp>
-and <samp>apt-get autoclean</samp>, or to move them someplace else (hint: use
-<code>apt-move</code>).
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h3><a name="s-dpkg-ftp"></a>8.2.3 dpkg-ftp</h3>
-
-<p>
-This is an older access method for <code>dselect</code>.  It can be invoked
-from within <code>dselect</code>, thereby allowing a user the ability to
-download files and install them directly in one step.  To do this, select the
-<samp>ftp</samp> access method in <code>dselect</code> (option 0) and specify
-the remote host name and directory.  <code>dpkg-ftp</code> will then
-automatically download the files that are selected (either in this session of
-<code>dselect</code> or earlier ones).
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Note that, unlike the <code>mirror</code> program, <code>dpkg-ftp</code> does
-not grab everything at a mirror site.  Rather, it downloads only those files
-which you have selected (when first starting up <code>dpkg-ftp</code>), and
-which need to be updated.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-<code>dpkg-ftp</code> is somewhat obsolete.  You should use the APT access
-method with ftp:// URLs in <code>sources.list</code> instead.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h3><a name="s-mirror"></a>8.2.4 mirror</h3>
-
-<p>
-This Perl script, and its (optional) manager program called
-<code>mirror-master</code>, can be used to fetch user-specified parts of a
-directory tree from a specified host <em>via</em> anonymous FTP.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-<code>mirror</code> is particularly useful for downloading large volumes of
-software.  After the first time files have been downloaded from a site, a file
-called <samp>.mirrorinfo</samp> is stored on the local host.  Changes to the
-remote file system are tracked automatically by <code>mirror</code>, which
-compares this file to a similar file on the remote system and downloads only
-changed files.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-The <code>mirror</code> program is generally useful for updating local copies
-of remote directory trees.  The files fetched need not be Debian files.  (Since
-<code>mirror</code> is a Perl script, it can also run on non-Unix systems.)
-Though the <code>mirror</code> program provides mechanisms for excluding files
-names of which match user-specified strings, this program is most useful when
-the objective is to download whole directory trees, rather than selected
-packages.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h3><a name="s-dpkg-mountable"></a>8.2.5 dpkg-mountable</h3>
-
-<p>
-dpkg-mountable adds an access method called `mountable' to dselect's list,
-which allows you to install from any file system specified in /etc/fstab.  For
-example, the archive could be a normal hard disk partition or an NFS server,
-which it will automatically mount and umount for you if necessary.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-It also has some extra features not found in the standard dselect methods, such
-as provision for a local file tree (either parallel to the main distribution or
-totally separate), and only getting packages which are required, rather than
-the time-consuming recursive directory scan, as well as logging of all dpkg
-actions in the install method.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h2><a name="s-upgradesingle"></a>8.3 Must I go into single user mode in order to upgrade a package?</h2>
-
-<p>
-No.  Packages can be upgraded in place, even in running systems.  Debian has a
-<samp>start-stop-daemon</samp> program that is invoked to stop, then restart
-running process if necessary during a package upgrade.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h2><a name="s-savedebs"></a>8.4 Do I have to keep all those .deb archive files on my disk?</h2>
-
-<p>
-No.  If you have downloaded the files to your disk (which is not absolutely
-necessary, see above for the description of dpkg-ftp), then after you have
-installed the packages, you can remove them from your system.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<h2><a name="s-keepingalog"></a>8.5 How can I keep a log of the packages I added to the system? I'd like to know when which package upgrades and removals have occured!</h2>
-
-<p>
-Passing the <samp>--log</samp>-option to <code>dpkg</code> makes
-<code>dpkg</code> log status change updates and actions.  It logs both the
-<code>dpkg</code>-invokation (e.g.
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     2005-12-30 18:10:33 install hello 1.3.18 2.1.1-4
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-) and the results (e.g.
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     2005-12-30 18:10:35 status installed hello 2.1.1-4
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-) If you'd like to log all your <code>dpkg</code> invokations (even those done
-using frontends like <code>aptitude</code>), you could add
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     log /var/log/dpkg.log
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-to your <code>/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg</code>.  Be sure the created logfile gets
-rotated periodically.  If you're using <code>logrotate</code>, this can be
-achieved by creating a file <code>/etc/logrotate.d/dpkg</code> with contents
-</p>
-
-<pre>
-     /var/log/dpkg {
-       missingok
-       notifempty
-     }
-</pre>
-
-<p>
-More details on <code>dpkg</code> logging can be found in the
-<code>dpkg(1)</code> manual page.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-<code>aptitude</code> logs the package installations, removals, and upgrades
-that it intends to perform to <code>/var/log/aptitude</code>.  Note that the
-<em>results</em> of those actions are not recorded in this file!
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Another way to record your actions is to run your package management session
-within the <code>script(1)</code> program.
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<p>
-[ <a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html">previous</a> ]
-[ <a href="index.en.html#contents">Contents</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-basic_defs.en.html">1</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-getting.en.html">2</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-compat.en.html">3</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-software.en.html">4</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-ftparchives.en.html">5</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html">6</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html">7</a> ]
-[ 8 ]
-[ <a href="ch-kernel.en.html">9</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-customizing.en.html">10</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-support.en.html">11</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-contributing.en.html">12</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-redistrib.en.html">13</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-nexttime.en.html">14</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-faqinfo.en.html">15</a> ]
-[ <a href="ch-kernel.en.html">next</a> ]
-</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<p>
-The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ
-</p>
-
-<address>
-version 3.1.3, 25 April 2006<br>
-<br>
-Authors are listed at <a href="ch-faqinfo.en.html#s-authors">Debian FAQ Authors</a><br>
-<br>
-</address>
-<hr>
-
-</body>
-
-</html>
-
author	Daniel Baumann <daniel@debian.org>	2007-09-23 10:04:46 +0200
committer	Daniel Baumann <daniel@debian.org>	2011-03-09 18:14:51 +0100
commit	fe6eb1c593e2df135c8807bf94df614984b4d6ec (patch)
tree	693b803dcc6473a8699f0c605c92b10c24755e28 /templates/common/doc/FAQ/html/ch-uptodate.en.html
parent	470cf1764bf56b32addff591cfe3fd69af0e5760 (diff)
download	live-build-fe6eb1c593e2df135c8807bf94df614984b4d6ec.zip live-build-fe6eb1c593e2df135c8807bf94df614984b4d6ec.tar.gz