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diff --git a/includes/etch/common/doc/FAQ/html/ch-compat.en.html b/includes/etch/common/doc/FAQ/html/ch-compat.en.html deleted file mode 100644 index 375bff4..0000000 --- a/includes/etch/common/doc/FAQ/html/ch-compat.en.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,554 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"> - -<html> - -<head> - -<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> - -<title>The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ - Compatibility issues</title> - -<link href="index.en.html" rel="start"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html" rel="prev"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html" rel="next"> -<link href="index.en.html#contents" rel="contents"> -<link href="index.en.html#copyright" rel="copyright"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html" rel="chapter" title="1 Definitions and overview"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html" rel="chapter" title="2 Getting and installing Debian GNU/Linux"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html" rel="chapter" title="3 Choosing a Debian distribution"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html" rel="chapter" title="4 Compatibility issues"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html" rel="chapter" title="5 Software available in the Debian system"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html" rel="chapter" title="6 The Debian FTP archives"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html" rel="chapter" title="7 Basics of the Debian package management system"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html" rel="chapter" title="8 The Debian package management tools"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html" rel="chapter" title="9 Keeping your Debian system up-to-date"> -<link href="ch-kernel.en.html" rel="chapter" title="10 Debian and the kernel"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html" rel="chapter" title="11 Customizing your installation of Debian GNU/Linux"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html" rel="chapter" title="12 Getting support for Debian GNU/Linux"> -<link href="ch-contributing.en.html" rel="chapter" title="13 Contributing to the Debian Project"> -<link href="ch-redistrib.en.html" rel="chapter" title="14 Redistributing Debian GNU/Linux in a commercial product"> -<link href="ch-nexttime.en.html" rel="chapter" title="15 Changes expected in the next major release of Debian"> -<link href="ch-faqinfo.en.html" rel="chapter" title="16 General information about the FAQ"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html#s-whatisfaq" rel="section" title="1.1 What is this FAQ?"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html#s-whatisdebian" rel="section" title="1.2 What is Debian GNU/Linux?"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html#s-linux" rel="section" title="1.3 OK, now I know what Debian is... what is Linux?!"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html#s-non-linux" rel="section" title="1.4 Does Debian just do GNU/Linux?"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html#s-difference" rel="section" title="1.5 What is the difference between Debian GNU/Linux and other Linux distributions? Why should I choose Debian over some other distribution?"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html#s-gnu" rel="section" title="1.6 How does the Debian project fit in or compare with the Free Software Foundation's GNU project?"> -<link href="ch-basic_defs.en.html#s-pronunciation" rel="section" title="1.7 How does one pronounce Debian and what does this word mean?"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html#s-version" rel="section" title="2.1 What is the latest version of Debian?"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html#s-updatestable" rel="section" title="2.2 Are there package upgrades in `stable'?"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html#s-boot-floppies" rel="section" title="2.3 Where/how can I get the Debian installation disks?"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html#s-cdrom" rel="section" title="2.4 How do I install the Debian from CD-ROMs?"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html#s-cdimage-symlinks" rel="section" title="2.5 Why does the official stable released CD-ROM contain symlinks for `frozen' and `unstable'? I thought this CD contains just `stable'!"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html#s-remoteinstall" rel="section" title="2.6 Can I get and install Debian directly from a remote Internet site?"> -<link href="ch-getting.en.html#s-alternativebootinstaller" rel="section" title="2.7 Are there any alternative strategies for booting the system installer?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1" rel="section" title="3.1 Which Debian distribution (stable/testing/unstable) is better for me?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.2" rel="section" title="3.2 But what about Knoppix, Linex, Ubuntu, and others?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-arches" rel="section" title="4.1 On what hardware architectures/systems does Debian GNU/Linux run?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-otherdistribs" rel="section" title="4.2 How compatible is Debian with other distributions of Linux?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-otherunices" rel="section" title="4.3 How source code compatible is Debian with other Unix systems?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-otherpackages" rel="section" title="4.4 Can I use Debian packages (".deb" files) on my Red Hat/Slackware/... Linux system? Can I use Red Hat packages (".rpm" files) on my Debian GNU/Linux system?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-non-debian-programs" rel="section" title="4.5 How should I install a non-Debian program?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-termcap" rel="section" title="4.6 Why can't I compile programs that require libtermcap?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-accelx" rel="section" title="4.7 Why can't I install AccelX?"> -<link href="ch-compat.en.html#s-motifnls" rel="section" title="4.8 Why do my old XFree 2.1 Motif applications crash?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-apps" rel="section" title="5.1 What types of applications and development software are available for Debian GNU/Linux?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-softwareauthors" rel="section" title="5.2 Who wrote all that software?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-pkglist" rel="section" title="5.3 How can I get a current list of programs that have been packaged for Debian?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-buildenv" rel="section" title="5.4 How can I install a developer's environment to build packages?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-missing" rel="section" title="5.5 What is missing from Debian GNU/Linux?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-no-devs" rel="section" title="5.6 Why do I get "ld: cannot find -lfoo" messages when compiling programs? Why aren't there any libfoo.so files in Debian library packages?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-java" rel="section" title="5.7 (How) Does Debian support Java?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-isitdebian" rel="section" title="5.8 How can I check that I am using a Debian system, and what version is it?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-nonenglish" rel="section" title="5.9 How does Debian support non-English languages?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-pine" rel="section" title="5.10 Where is pine?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-qmail" rel="section" title="5.11 Where is qmail/ezmlm/djbdns?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-flash" rel="section" title="5.12 Where is a player for Flash (SWF)?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-googleearth" rel="section" title="5.13 Where is Google Earth?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-voip" rel="section" title="5.14 Where is VoIP software?"> -<link href="ch-software.en.html#s-nonfreewireless" rel="section" title="5.15 I have a wireless network card which doesn't work with Linux. What should I do?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-dists" rel="section" title="6.1 How many Debian distributions are there?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-codenames" rel="section" title="6.2 What are all those names like etch, lenny, etc.?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-sid" rel="section" title="6.3 What about "sid"?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-stable" rel="section" title="6.4 What does the stable directory contain?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-testing" rel="section" title="6.5 What does the testing distribution contain?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-unstable" rel="section" title="6.6 What does the unstable distribution contain?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-dirtree" rel="section" title="6.7 What are all those directories at the Debian FTP archives?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-archsections" rel="section" title="6.8 What are all those directories inside <samp>dists/stable/main</samp>?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-source" rel="section" title="6.9 Where is the source code?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-pools" rel="section" title="6.10 What's in the <samp>pool</samp> directory?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-incoming" rel="section" title="6.11 What is "incoming"?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-ownrepository" rel="section" title="6.12 How do I set up my own apt-able repository?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-package" rel="section" title="7.1 What is a Debian package?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-deb-format" rel="section" title="7.2 What is the format of a Debian binary package?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-pkgname" rel="section" title="7.3 Why are Debian package file names so long?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-controlfile" rel="section" title="7.4 What is a Debian control file?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-conffile" rel="section" title="7.5 What is a Debian conffile?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-maintscripts" rel="section" title="7.6 What is a Debian preinst, postinst, prerm, and postrm script?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-priority" rel="section" title="7.7 What is an <em>Essential</em>, <em>Required</em>, <em>Important</em>, <em>Standard</em>, <em>Optional</em>, or <em>Extra</em> package?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-virtual" rel="section" title="7.8 What is a Virtual Package?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-depends" rel="section" title="7.9 What is meant by saying that a package <em>Depends</em>, <em>Recommends</em>, <em>Suggests</em>, <em>Conflicts</em>, <em>Replaces</em> or <em>Provides</em> another package?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-pre-depends" rel="section" title="7.10 What is meant by Pre-Depends?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-pkgstatus" rel="section" title="7.11 What is meant by <em>unknown</em>, <em>install</em>, <em>remove</em>, <em>purge</em> and <em>hold</em> in the package status?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-puttingonhold" rel="section" title="7.12 How do I put a package on hold?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-sourcepkgs" rel="section" title="7.13 How do I install a source package?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-sourcebuild" rel="section" title="7.14 How do I build binary packages from a source package?"> -<link href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html#s-creatingdebs" rel="section" title="7.15 How do I create Debian packages myself?"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-pkgprogs" rel="section" title="8.1 What programs does Debian provide for managing its packages?"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-updaterunning" rel="section" title="8.2 Debian claims to be able to update a running program; how is this accomplished?"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-whatpackages" rel="section" title="8.3 How can I tell what packages are already installed on a Debian system?"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-listfiles" rel="section" title="8.4 How to display the files of a package installed?"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-filesearch" rel="section" title="8.5 How can I find out what package produced a particular file?"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-datapackages" rel="section" title="8.6 Why doesn't get `foo-data' removed when I uninstall `foo'? How do I make sure old unused library-packages get purged?"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-howtocurrent" rel="section" title="9.1 How can I keep my Debian system current?"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-upgradesingle" rel="section" title="9.2 Must I go into single user mode in order to upgrade a package?"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-savedebs" rel="section" title="9.3 Do I have to keep all those .deb archive files on my disk?"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-keepingalog" rel="section" title="9.4 How can I keep a log of the packages I added to the system? I'd like to know when which package upgrades and removals have occured!"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-autoupdate" rel="section" title="9.5 Can I automatically update the system?"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-aptproxy" rel="section" title="9.6 I have several machines how can I download the updates only one time?"> -<link href="ch-kernel.en.html#s-non-debian-kernel" rel="section" title="10.1 Can I install and compile a kernel without some Debian-specific tweaking?"> -<link href="ch-kernel.en.html#s-customkernel" rel="section" title="10.2 What tools does Debian provide to build custom kernels?"> -<link href="ch-kernel.en.html#s-custombootdisk" rel="section" title="10.3 How can I make a custom boot floppy?"> -<link href="ch-kernel.en.html#s-modules" rel="section" title="10.4 What special provisions does Debian provide to deal with modules?"> -<link href="ch-kernel.en.html#s-removeoldkernel" rel="section" title="10.5 Can I safely de-install an old kernel package, and if so, how?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-papersize" rel="section" title="11.1 How can I ensure that all programs use the same paper size?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-hardwareaccess" rel="section" title="11.2 How can I provide access to hardware peripherals, without compromising security?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-consolefont" rel="section" title="11.3 How do I load a console font on startup the Debian way?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-appdefaults" rel="section" title="11.4 How can I configure an X11 program's application defaults?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-booting" rel="section" title="11.5 Every distribution seems to have a different boot-up method. Tell me about Debian's."> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-custombootscripts" rel="section" title="11.6 It looks as if Debian does not use <samp>rc.local</samp> to customize the boot process; what facilities are provided?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-interconffiles" rel="section" title="11.7 How does the package management system deal with packages that contain configuration files for other packages?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-divert" rel="section" title="11.8 How do I override a file installed by a package, so that a different version can be used instead?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-localpackages" rel="section" title="11.9 How can I have my locally-built package included in the list of available packages that the package management system knows about?"> -<link href="ch-customizing.en.html#s-diverse" rel="section" title="11.10 Some users like mawk, others like gawk; some like vim, others like elvis; some like trn, others like tin; how does Debian support diversity?"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s-debiandocs" rel="section" title="12.1 What other documentation exists on and for a Debian system?"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s-onlineresources" rel="section" title="12.2 Are there any on-line resources for discussing Debian?"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s-searchtools" rel="section" title="12.3 Is there a quick way to search for information on Debian GNU/Linux?"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s-buglogs" rel="section" title="12.4 Are there logs of known bugs?"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s-bugreport" rel="section" title="12.5 How do I report a bug in Debian?"> -<link href="ch-contributing.en.html#s-contrib" rel="section" title="13.1 How can I become a Debian software developer?"> -<link href="ch-contributing.en.html#s-contribresources" rel="section" title="13.2 How can I contribute resources to the Debian project?"> -<link href="ch-contributing.en.html#s-supportingorganizations" rel="section" title="13.3 How can I contribute financially to the Debian project?"> -<link href="ch-redistrib.en.html#s-sellcds" rel="section" title="14.1 Can I make and sell Debian CDs?"> -<link href="ch-redistrib.en.html#s-packagednonfree" rel="section" title="14.2 Can Debian be packaged with non-free software?"> -<link href="ch-redistrib.en.html#s-childistro" rel="section" title="14.3 I am making a special Linux distribution for a "vertical market". Can I use Debian GNU/Linux for the guts of a Linux system and add my own applications on top of it?"> -<link href="ch-redistrib.en.html#s-commercialdebs" rel="section" title="14.4 Can I put my commercial program in a Debian "package" so that it installs effortlessly on any Debian system?"> -<link href="ch-nexttime.en.html#s-i18n" rel="section" title="15.1 Extended support for non-English users"> -<link href="ch-nexttime.en.html#s-dependencybasedboot" rel="section" title="15.2 Faster booting: Dependency based boot sequence"> -<link href="ch-nexttime.en.html#s-di" rel="section" title="15.3 Improvements in the Debian Installer"> -<link href="ch-nexttime.en.html#s-morearches" rel="section" title="15.4 More architectures"> -<link href="ch-nexttime.en.html#s-morekernels" rel="section" title="15.5 More kernels"> -<link href="ch-faqinfo.en.html#s-authors" rel="section" title="16.1 Authors"> -<link href="ch-faqinfo.en.html#s-feedback" rel="section" title="16.2 Feedback"> -<link href="ch-faqinfo.en.html#s-latest" rel="section" title="16.3 Availability"> -<link href="ch-faqinfo.en.html#s-docformat" rel="section" title="16.4 Document format"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.1" rel="subsection" title="3.1.1 You asked me to install stable, but in stable so and so hardware is not detected/working. What should I do?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.2" rel="subsection" title="3.1.2 Will there be different different versions of packages in different distributions?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.3" rel="subsection" title="3.1.3 The stable distributions really contains outdated packages. Just look at Kde, Gnome, Xorg or even the kernel. They are very old. Why is it so?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.4" rel="subsection" title="3.1.4 If I were to decide to change to another distribution, Can I do that?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.5" rel="subsection" title="3.1.5 Could you tell me whether to install testing or unstable?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.6" rel="subsection" title="3.1.6 You are talking about testing being broken. What do you mean by that?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.7" rel="subsection" title="3.1.7 Why is it that testing could be broken for months? Wont the fixes introduced in unstable flow directly down into testing?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.8" rel="subsection" title="3.1.8 From an administrator's point of view, Which distribution requires more attention?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.9" rel="subsection" title="3.1.9 What happens when a new release is made?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.10" rel="subsection" title="3.1.10 I have a working Desktop/cluster with Debian installed. How do I know which distribution I am running?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.11" rel="subsection" title="3.1.11 I am currently tracking stable. Can I change to testing or unstable? If so, How?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.12" rel="subsection" title="3.1.12 I am currently tracking testing (lenny). What will happen when a release is made? Will I still be tracking testing or will my machine be running the new stable distribution?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.1.13" rel="subsection" title="3.1.13 I am still confused. What did you say I should install?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.2.1" rel="subsection" title="3.2.1 I know that Knoppix/Linex/Ubuntu/... is Debian-based. So after installing it on the hard disk, can I use 'apt' package tools on it?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.2.2" rel="subsection" title="3.2.2 I installed Knoppix/Linex/Ubuntu/... on my hard disk. Now I have a problem. What should I do?"> -<link href="ch-choosing.en.html#s3.2.3" rel="subsection" title="3.2.3 I'm using Knoppix/Linex/Ubuntu/... and now I want to use Debian. How do I migrate?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-oldcodenames" rel="subsection" title="6.2.1 Which other codenames have been used in the past?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-sourceforcodenames" rel="subsection" title="6.2.2 Where do these codenames come from?"> -<link href="ch-ftparchives.en.html#s-frozen" rel="subsection" title="6.5.1 What about "testing"? How is it `frozen'?"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-dpkg" rel="subsection" title="8.1.1 dpkg"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-apt-get" rel="subsection" title="8.1.2 APT"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-aptitude" rel="subsection" title="8.1.3 aptitude"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-synaptic" rel="subsection" title="8.1.4 synaptic"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-tasksel" rel="subsection" title="8.1.5 tasksel"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-dpkg-extra" rel="subsection" title="8.1.6 Other package management tools"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-dselect" rel="subsection" title="8.1.6.1 dselect"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-dpkg-deb" rel="subsection" title="8.1.6.2 dpkg-deb"> -<link href="ch-pkgtools.en.html#s-dpkg-split" rel="subsection" title="8.1.6.3 dpkg-split"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-aptitude-upgrade" rel="subsection" title="9.1.1 aptitude"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-apt" rel="subsection" title="9.1.2 apt-get, dselect and apt-cdrom"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-update_aptitude" rel="subsection" title="9.1.3 aptitude"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-mirror" rel="subsection" title="9.1.4 mirror"> -<link href="ch-uptodate.en.html#s-dpkg-mountable" rel="subsection" title="9.1.5 dpkg-mountable"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s12.2.1" rel="subsection" title="12.2.1 Mailing lists"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s-mailinglistconduct" rel="subsection" title="12.2.1.1 What is the code of conduct for the mailing lists?"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s12.2.2" rel="subsection" title="12.2.2 Web forums"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s12.2.3" rel="subsection" title="12.2.3 Wiki"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s12.2.4" rel="subsection" title="12.2.4 Maintainers"> -<link href="ch-support.en.html#s12.2.5" rel="subsection" title="12.2.5 Usenet newsgroups"> -<link href="ch-contributing.en.html#s-SPI" rel="subsection" title="13.3.1 Software in the Public Interest"> -<link href="ch-contributing.en.html#s-FSF" rel="subsection" title="13.3.2 Free Software Foundation"> - -</head> - -<body> - -<p><a name="ch-compat"></a></p> -<hr> - -<p> -[ <a href="ch-choosing.en.html">previous</a> ] -[ <a href="index.en.html#contents">Contents</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-basic_defs.en.html">1</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-getting.en.html">2</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-choosing.en.html">3</a> ] -[ 4 ] -[ <a href="ch-software.en.html">5</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-ftparchives.en.html">6</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html">7</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html">8</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-uptodate.en.html">9</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-kernel.en.html">10</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-customizing.en.html">11</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-support.en.html">12</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-contributing.en.html">13</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-redistrib.en.html">14</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-nexttime.en.html">15</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-faqinfo.en.html">16</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-software.en.html">next</a> ] -</p> - -<hr> - -<h1> -The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ -<br>Chapter 4 - Compatibility issues -</h1> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-arches"></a>4.1 On what hardware architectures/systems does Debian GNU/Linux run?</h2> - -<p> -Debian GNU/Linux includes complete source-code for all of the included -programs, so it should work on all systems which are supported by the Linux -kernel; see the <code><a -href="http://en.tldp.org/FAQ/Linux-FAQ/intro.html#DOES-LINUX-RUN-ON-MY-COMPUTER">Linux -FAQ</a></code> for details. -</p> - -<p> -The current Debian GNU/Linux release, 4.0, contains a complete, binary -distribution for the following architectures: -</p> - -<p> -<em>i386</em>: this covers systems based on Intel and compatible processors, -including Intel's 386, 486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II (both Klamath and -Celeron), and Pentium III, and most compatible processors by AMD, Cyrix and -others. -</p> - -<p> -<em>amd64</em>: this covers systems based on AMD 64bit CPUs with AMD64 -extension and all Intel CPUs with EM64T extension, and a common 64bit -userspace. -</p> - -<p> -<em>alpha</em>: Compaq/Digital's Alpha systems. -</p> - -<p> -<em>sparc</em>: this covers Sun's SPARC and most UltraSPARC systems. -</p> - -<p> -<em>powerpc</em>: this covers some IBM/Motorola PowerPC machines, including -CHRP, PowerMac and PReP machines. -</p> - -<p> -<em>arm</em>: ARM and StrongARM machines. -</p> - -<p> -<em>mips</em>: SGI's big-endian MIPS systems, Indy and Indigo2; -<em>mipsel</em>: little-endian MIPS machines, Digital DECstations. -</p> - -<p> -<em>hppa</em>: Hewlett-Packard's PA-RISC machines (712, C3000, L2000, A500). -</p> - -<p> -<em>ia64</em>: Intel IA-64 ("Itanium") computers. -</p> - -<p> -<em>s390</em>: IBM S/390 mainframe systems. -</p> - -<p> -The development of binary distributions of Debian for Sparc64 (UltraSPARC -native) architectures is currently underway. -</p> - -<p> -Support for the <em>m68k</em> architecture was dropped in this release, because -it did not meet the criteria set by the Debian Release Managers. This -architecture covers Amigas and ATARIs having a Motorola 680x0 processor for -x>=2; with MMU. However, the port is still active and available for -installation even if not a part of this official stable release and might be -reactivated for future releases. -</p> - -<p> -For more information on the available ports see the <code><a -href="http://www.debian.org/ports/">ports pages at the website</a></code>. -</p> - -<p> -For further information on booting, partitioning your drive, enabling PCMCIA -(PC Card) devices and similar issues please follow the instructions given in -the Installation Manual, which is available from our WWW site at <code><a -href="http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/installmanual</a></code>. -</p> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-otherdistribs"></a>4.2 How compatible is Debian with other distributions of Linux?</h2> - -<p> -Debian developers communicate with other Linux distribution creators in an -effort to maintain binary compatibility across Linux distributions. Most -commercial Linux products run as well under Debian as they do on the system -upon which they were built. -</p> - -<p> -Debian GNU/Linux adheres to the <code><a -href="http://www.pathname.com/fhs/">Linux Filesystem Hierarchy -Standard</a></code>. However, there is room for interpretation in some of the -rules within this standard, so there may be slight differences between a Debian -system and other Linux systems. -</p> - -<p> -Debian GNU/Linux supports software developed for the <code><a -href="http://www.linuxbase.org/">Linux Standard Base</a></code>. The LSB is a -specification for allowing the same binary package to be used on multiple -distributions. The Debian Etch release is Certified for LSB Release 3.1, see -the <code><a -href="https://www.linux-foundation.org/lsb-cert/productdir.php">Linux -Foundation Certification webpage</a></code>. Discussion and coordination of -efforts towards ensuring Debian meets the requirements of the Linux Standard -Base is taking place on the <code><a -href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-lsb/">debian-lsb mailing list</a></code>. -</p> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-otherunices"></a>4.3 How source code compatible is Debian with other Unix systems?</h2> - -<p> -For most applications Linux source code is compatible with other Unix systems. -It supports almost everything that is available in System V Unix systems and -the free and commercial BSD-derived systems. However in the Unix business such -claim has nearly no value because there is no way to prove it. In the software -development area complete compatibility is required instead of compatibility in -"about most" cases. So years ago the need for standards arose, and -nowadays POSIX.1 (IEEE Standard 1003.1-1990) is one of the major standards for -source code compatibility in Unix-like operating systems. -</p> - -<p> -Linux is intended to adhere to POSIX.1, but the POSIX standards cost real money -and the POSIX.1 (and FIPS 151-2) certification is quite expensive; this made it -more difficult for the Linux developers to work on complete POSIX conformance. -The certification costs make it unlikely that Debian will get an official -conformance certification even if it completely passed the validation suite. -(The validation suite is now freely available, so it is expected that more -people will work on POSIX.1 issues.) -</p> - -<p> -Unifix GmbH (Braunschweig, Germany) developed a Linux system that has been -certified to conform to FIPS 151-2 (a superset of POSIX.1). This technology -was available in Unifix' own distribution called Unifix Linux 2.0 and in -Lasermoon's Linux-FT. -</p> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-otherpackages"></a>4.4 Can I use Debian packages (".deb" files) on my Red Hat/Slackware/... Linux system? Can I use Red Hat packages (".rpm" files) on my Debian GNU/Linux system?</h2> - -<p> -Different Linux distributions use different package formats and different -package management programs. -</p> -<dl> -<dt><strong>You probably can:</strong></dt> -<dd> -<p> -A program to unpack a Debian package onto a Linux host that is been built from -a `foreign' distribution is available, and will generally work, in the sense -that files will be unpacked. The converse is probably also true, that is, a -program to unpack a Red Hat or Slackware package on a host that is based on -Debian GNU/Linux will probably succeed in unpacking the package and placing -most files in their intended directories. This is largely a consequence of the -existence (and broad adherence to) the Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard. -The <code><a href="http://packages.debian.org/alien">Alien</a></code> package -is used to convert between different package formats. -</p> -</dd> -</dl> -<dl> -<dt><strong>You probably do not want to:</strong></dt> -<dd> -<p> -Most package managers write administrative files when they are used to unpack -an archive. These administrative files are generally not standardized. -Therefore, the effect of unpacking a Debian package on a `foreign' host will -have unpredictable (certainly not useful) effects on the package manager on -that system. Likewise, utilities from other distributions might succeed in -unpacking their archives on Debian systems, but will probably cause the Debian -package management system to fail when the time comes to upgrade or remove some -packages, or even simply to report exactly what packages are present on a -system. -</p> -</dd> -</dl> -<dl> -<dt><strong>A better way:</strong></dt> -<dd> -<p> -The Linux File System Standard (and therefore Debian GNU/Linux) requires that -subdirectories under <samp>/usr/local/</samp> be entirely under the user's -discretion. Therefore, users can unpack `foreign' packages into this -directory, and then manage their configuration, upgrade and removal -individually. -</p> -</dd> -</dl> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-non-debian-programs"></a>4.5 How should I install a non-Debian program?</h2> - -<p> -Files under the directory <samp>/usr/local/</samp> are not under the control of -the Debian package management system. Therefore, it is good practice to place -the source code for your program in /usr/local/src/. For example, you might -extract the files for a package named "foo.tar" into the directory -<samp>/usr/local/src/foo</samp>. After you compile them, place the binaries in -<samp>/usr/local/bin/</samp>, the libraries in <samp>/usr/local/lib/</samp>, -and the configuration files in <samp>/usr/local/etc/</samp>. -</p> - -<p> -If your programs and/or files really must be placed in some other directory, -you could still store them in <samp>/usr/local/</samp>, and build the -appropriate symbolic links from the required location to its location in -<samp>/usr/local/</samp>, e.g., you could make the link -</p> - -<pre> - ln -s /usr/local/bin/foo /usr/bin/foo -</pre> - -<p> -In any case, if you obtain a package whose copyright allows redistribution, you -should consider making a Debian package of it, and uploading it for the Debian -system. Guidelines for becoming a package developer are included in the Debian -Policy manual (see <a href="ch-support.en.html#s-debiandocs">What other -documentation exists on and for a Debian system?, Section 12.1</a>). -</p> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-termcap"></a>4.6 Why can't I compile programs that require libtermcap?</h2> - -<p> -Debian uses the <samp>terminfo</samp> database and the <samp>ncurses</samp> -library of terminal interface routes, rather than the <samp>termcap</samp> -database and the <samp>termcap</samp> library. Users who are compiling -programs that require some knowledge of the terminal interface should replace -references to <samp>libtermcap</samp> with references to -<samp>libncurses</samp>. -</p> - -<p> -To support binaries that have already been linked with the <samp>termcap</samp> -library, and for which you do not have the source, Debian provides a package -called <code>termcap-compat</code>. This provides both -<samp>libtermcap.so.2</samp> and <samp>/etc/termcap</samp>. Install this -package if the program fails to run with the error message "can't load -library 'libtermcap.so.2'", or complains about a missing -<samp>/etc/termcap</samp> file. -</p> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-accelx"></a>4.7 Why can't I install AccelX?</h2> - -<p> -AccelX uses the <samp>termcap</samp> library for installation. See <a -href="#s-termcap">Why can't I compile programs that require libtermcap?, -Section 4.6</a> above. -</p> - -<hr> - -<h2><a name="s-motifnls"></a>4.8 Why do my old XFree 2.1 Motif applications crash?</h2> - -<p> -You need to install the <code>motifnls</code> package, which provides the -XFree-2.1 configuration files needed to allow Motif applications compiled under -XFree-2.1 to run under XFree-3.1. -</p> - -<p> -Without these files, some Motif applications compiled on other machines (such -as Netscape) may crash when attempting to copy or paste from or to a text -field, and may also exhibit other problems. -</p> - -<hr> - -<p> -[ <a href="ch-choosing.en.html">previous</a> ] -[ <a href="index.en.html#contents">Contents</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-basic_defs.en.html">1</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-getting.en.html">2</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-choosing.en.html">3</a> ] -[ 4 ] -[ <a href="ch-software.en.html">5</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-ftparchives.en.html">6</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-pkg_basics.en.html">7</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-pkgtools.en.html">8</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-uptodate.en.html">9</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-kernel.en.html">10</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-customizing.en.html">11</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-support.en.html">12</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-contributing.en.html">13</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-redistrib.en.html">14</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-nexttime.en.html">15</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-faqinfo.en.html">16</a> ] -[ <a href="ch-software.en.html">next</a> ] -</p> - -<hr> - -<p> -The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ -</p> - -<address> -version 4.0.3, 6 August 2008<br> -<br> -Authors are listed at <a href="ch-faqinfo.en.html#s-authors">Debian FAQ Authors</a><br> -<br> -</address> -<hr> - -</body> - -</html> - |